Netherlands: Sustainable Marine and Aviation Fuels in Northern Europe

In an effort to address global warming, the European Union (EU) and its Member States have established targets for reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Sweden, Finland, and Denmark have already cut their emissions by 25 to 45 percent since 1990. Their technology for refining woody biomass, a sustainable and renewable feedstock, could play a key role in a fossil-free bioeconomy, such as to produce sustainable marine fuels and sustainable aviation fuels. Moreover, seaports in the Netherlands are a viable location for biorefineries and advanced biofuel plants to produce such advanced fuels in Europe.