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China's demand for imported forages, mainly alfalfa hay, has been affected by weak market demand for dairy products and the falling price of fresh milk. Although dairy consumption remained stable, oversupply of milk became a challenge due to the excessive investment in dairy farming over the last few years.

In 2021, Chinese imports of alfalfa pellets hit record levels of 52,254 metric tons (MT) and $13.66 million by value, increases of 62 percent and 70 percent respectively. The market is dominated by Spanish-origin pellets.

On November 16, 2021, China Animal Agricultural Association (CAAA) proposed group standards for Alfalfa Meal Quality Classification and Timothy Hay Quality Grade. The standards were published for public feedback and will take effect after revision based on feedback received.

In 2019, Japanese production of forage crops accounted for 77 percent of demand.

Timothy hay was among a number of U.S. agricultural products that received new or expanded access under the U.S.-China Economic and Trade Agreement, which was signed on January 15, 2020.

Post anticipates a larger supply for MY2020/21, as a wet spring boosted fodder yields in non-irrigated land. Spanish fodder continues consolidating its presence in Asian markets.

The United States continues to be a top supplier of forage to South Korea.

On March 4, 2019, Indonesia and Australia officially signed the Indonesia-Australia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IA-CEPA).

U.S. alfalfa exports to China continue to climb, reaching 1.29 million metric tons (worth $417 million) in 2016.

Rising global demand and higher prices drove U.S. hay exports to a record $1.25 billion in 2012.